ISSUES OF NATIONAL EDUCATION IN THE SOCIO -PEDAGOGICAL MOVEMENT OF BELARUS (LATE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY)

UDC 37.017.4(476)(091)

Ostroga Valentina Mikhailovna – PhD (History), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of History of Belarus and Political Science. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: ostroga@belstu.by

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-1.

 

Key words: social and pedagogical movement; National education; teacher, pedagogical press, primary school, national revival.

For citation: Ostroga V. M. Issues of national education in the socio-pedagogical movement of Belarus (late 19th – early 20th century). Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Philosophy, 2024, no. 2 (287 ), pp. 5–9 (In Belarusian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-1.

Abstract

The article discusses the development of national education in the socio-pedagogical movement of Belarus in the late 19th – early 20th century. Against the background of the conservative educational policy of the tsarist government aimed at Russification of the region, the progressive public, enlightenment figures, teachers, scientists, Practical teachers considered the need for school nation-building in the context of the democratic development of the country as an important direction of reforming public education. elarus. The views of progressive educators, writers, publicists, and teachers who defended the idea of not only introducing universal primary education throughout the Russian Empire, but also emphasized the need to create an education system that would take into account local national and cultural traditions and would be conducted in their native language. The reflection of this problem on the pages of the periodic pedagogical movement, as well as the Belarusian newspaper Nasha Niva, is shown, the role of teachers in the formation of the national consciousness of Belarusian children is determined. It isemphasized that many journals demonstrated going beyond the traditional pedagogical problems of upbringing and teaching methods, performed an important social role in the organization and integration of the disparate social and pedagogical movement. At the same time, the concept of the Belarusian national school could be realized only in new democratic conditions based on the review of value and qualitative approaches in the field of public education.

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14.09.2024