MAIN DIRECTIONS OF APHORISM RESEARCH (EMPIRICAL AND THEORETICAL ASPECTS)

UDC 811

Ivanou Yauhen Yauhenavich – DSc (Philology), Professor, Head of the Department of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics. Mogilev State A. Kuleshov University (1, Kosmonavtov str., 212022, Mogilev, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: ivanov_ee@msu.by

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-6729-2024-285-16.

Key words: aphorism, empirical aspect, theoretical aspect, philosophy, science, literary studies, folkloristics, linguistics.

For citation: Ivanov E. E. Main directions of aphorism research (empirical and theoretical aspects). Proceedings of BSTU, issue 4, Print- and Mediatechnologies, 2024, no. 2 (285), pp. 116–127 (In Belarussian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-6729-2024-285-16.

Abstract

The definition of empirical, proto-scientific and theoretical (properly scientific) ideas about aphorism plays an important role in the development of aphorism as a separate branch of knowledge. The article presents an overview of the development of interpretations of the aphorism in European philosophical, literary, folklore and scientific processes during the last more than two and a half millennia. The purpose of the research is to outline the main directions of studying the aphorism in empirical and theoretical aspects from proto-scientific knowledge to actual scientific understanding. Empirical understandings not only determined the development of protoscientific directions of studying aphorism, but also predetermined the formation of its own scientific understanding. The theoretical aspect of studying aphorism is divided into four main approaches: literary, philosophical and scientific, folklore and linguistic. The most significant in the diachronic plan is the philosophical and scientific approach, in the synchronic plan is the literary approach, in the analytical plan is the folkloristic approach, in the synthetic projection is the linguistic approach. The study of the linguistic nature of aphorism unites all other scientific approaches, since it is based on its understanding as a single-phrase text with generalized content, which is relevant for philosophy, literature, folklore, speech practice. The study was funded by the State Program of Scientific Research 2021–2025 (scientific project “Belarusian idioms, paremias, aphorisms in the context of European languages and cultures (synchronic and diachronic aspects)”, no. 20211335).

Download

References

  1. Fedorenko N. T., Sokol’skaya L. I. Aforistika [Aphoristics]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1990. 419 p. (In Russian).
  2. Ivanov E. E. Aspects of empirical understanding of aphorism. Vestnik RUDN [RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics], 2019, vol. 10(2), pp. 381–401 (In Russian).
  3. Lebedev A. V. Seven wise men. Fragmenty rannikh grecheskikh filosofov. Ch. 1. Ot epicheskikh teokosmogoniy do vozniknoveniya atomistiki [Fragments of early Greek philosophers. Part 1. From epic theocosmogonies to the emergence of atomism]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1989, pp. 91–94 (In Russian).
  4. Ivanou Ya. Ya. Aphorism as a subject of philology and an object of linguistics. Vesnіk BDU [Bulletin of BSU], series 4, Philology. Journalism. Pedagogy. Psychology, 1994, vol. 3, pp. 61–65 (In Russian).
  5. Egert A. Vom Wesen und Werden des deutschen Aphorismus: Essays zur Gattungsproblematik bei Lichtenberg und Nietzsche. Oldenburg, Igel Verlag Wissenschaft, 2005. 116 s. (In German).
  6. Spicker F. Der deutsche Aphorismus im 20. Jahrhundert: Spiel, Bild, Erkenntnis. Tübingen, Niemeyer, 2004. XII, 1000 s. (In German).
  7. Spicker F. Die Welt ist voller Sprüche. Große Aphoristiker im Porträt. Bochum, Brockmeyer, 2010. 175 s. (In German).
  8. Spicker F. Kurze Geschichte des deutschen Aphorismus. Tübingen, Francke, 2007. 324 s. (In German).
  9. Spicker F. Studien zum deutschen Aphorismus im 20. Jahrhundert. Tübingen, Niemeyer, 2000, 220 s. (In German).
  10. Geary J. The World in a Phrase. A Brief History of the Aphorism. New York, Bloomsbury, 2006. 240 p.
  11. Іvanou Ya. Ya. Prablemy lіngvіstychnaga vyvuchennya afaryzma [Problems of linguistic study of aphorism]. Mogilev, Brama Publ., 2003. 194 p. (In Belarusian).
  12. Levanyuk A. Ya. Belaruskaya afarystyka yak natsyyanal’na-kul’turny fenomen: belaruskі lіtaraturny paetychny afaryzm [Belarusian aphorism as a national and cultural phenomenon: Belarusian literary poetic aphorism]. Brest, BrDU Publ., 2018. 101 p. (In Belarusian).
  13. Gasparov M. L. Aphorism. Literaturnyy entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ [Literary encyclopedic dictionary]. Moscow, SovEn Publ., 1987. P. 43 (In Russian).
  14. Timofeev L. I., Vengerov N. Kratkiy slovar’ literaturovedcheskikh terminov [A brief dictionary of literary terms]. Moscow, Gosudarstvennoye uchebno-pedagogicheskoye izdatel’stvo Publ., 1963, 192 p. (In Russian).
  15. Schalk F. Aphorismus. Historisches Wörterbuch der Philosophie. Darmstadt, Schwabe, 1971. Bd. 1. S. 437–439 (In German).
  16. Aphorism. Kratkaya literaturnaya entsiklopediya [Brief literary encyclopedia]. Moscow, SovEn Publ., 1962, vol. 1. P. 366 (In Russian).
  17. Pazyak M. M. Folk aphorisms. Vostochnoslavyanskiy fol’klor [East Slavic folklore]. Minsk, Nauka i tekhnika Publ., 1993. P. 13 (In Russian).
  18. Permyakov G. L. Osnovy strukturnoy paremiologii [Fundamentals of structural paremiology]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1988, 236 p. (In Russian).
  19. Permyakov G. L. Ot pogovorki do skazki (zametki po obshchey teorii klishe) [From sayings to fairy tales (notes on the general theory of clichés)]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 1970, 240 p. (In Russian).
  20. Ivanov E. E. “Basic paremiological stock” of the Russian language and its relationship with the “paremiological minimum”. Mir russkogo slova i russkoye slovo v mire [The World of the Russian Word and the Russian Word in the World]. Sofia, Heron Press Publ., 2007, vol. 2, pp. 152–156 (In Russian).
  21. Paremiologiya v diskurse [Paremiology in discourse] / ed. O. V. Lomakina. Moscow, URSS Publ.: Lenand Publ., 2015. 294 p. (In Russian).
  22. Paremiologiya bez granits [Paremiology without borders] / ed. M. A. Bredis, O. V. Lomakina. Moscow, RUDN Publ., 2020. 244 p. (In Russian).
  23. Paremiologiya na perekrestkax yazykov i kul’tur [Paremiology at the crossroads of languages and cultures] / ed. E. E. Ivanov, O. V. Lomakina. Moscow, RUDN Publ., 2021. 246 p. (In Russian).
  24. Lepeshau І. Ya. Paremіyalogіya yak asobny razdzel movaznaustva [Paremiology as a separate branch of lingustics]. Grodna, GrDU Publ., 2006. 279 p. (In Belarusian).
  25. Ivanov E. E. Belarusian paremiology and aphorism in the pan-European context (current problems of study). Nationales und Internationales in der slawischen Praseologie = Natsional’noye i internatsional’noye v slavyanskoy frazeologii [National and international in Slavic phraseology] / hrsg. H. Walter, V. M. Mokienko. Greifswald, E. M. A.-Universität, 2013, pp. 111–116 (In Russian).
  26. Ivanov E. E., Petrushevskaya Yu. A. Belarusian paremiology of the late 20th – early 21st centuries (1991–2014). Paremiologiya v diskurse [Paremiology in discourse] / ed. O. V. Lomakina. Moscow, Lenand Publ., 2015, pp. 252–292 (In Russian).
  27. Potebnya A. A. From lectures on the theory of literature (Fable. Proverb. Saying). Teoreticheskaya poetika [Theoretical poetics]. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1990, pp. 55–131 (In Russian).
  28. Vinogradov V. V. Language and style of Krylov’s fables. Izvestiya AN SSSR [Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Series of Literature and Language], 1945, vol. 4, issue 1, pp. 24–52 (In Russian).
  29. Ivanov Ya. Ya. On the secondary method of derivation of unprecedented aphorisms. Edges of the word: coll. science articles for the 65th anniversary of Prof. V. M. Mokienko. Moscow, Elpis Publ., 2005, pp. 463–468 (In Belarusian).
  30. Rybnikova M. A. Vvedeniye v stilistiku [Introduction to stylistics]. Moscow, Sovetskiy pisatel’ Publ., 1937. 282 p. (In Russian).
  31. Mikhnevich A. Ya. Afaryzms. Belaruskaya mova [Belarusian language]. Minsk, BelEn Publ., 1994, pp. 60–61 (In Belarusian).
  32. Lingvistika aforizma. Khrestomatiya [Linguistics of aphorism. Reader] / comp. by E. E. Ivanov. Minsk, Vyshe’yshaya shkola Publ., 2018. 304 p. (In Russian).
  33. Vereshchagin E. M., Kostomarov V. G. Linguistic and cultural plan of aphorism. Yazyk i kul’tura: lingvostranovedeniye v prepodavanii russkogo yazyka kak inostrannogo [Language and culture: linguistic and cultural studies in teaching Russian as a foreign language]. Moscow, Russkiy yazyk Publ., 1976, pp. 162–195 (In Russian).
  34. Іvanova S. F., Іvanou Ya. Ya., Myachkouskaya N. B. Satsyyakul’turnaya prastora movy (satsyyal’nyya і kul’turnyya aspekty vyvuchennya belaruskay movy) [Sociocultural space of the language (social and cultural aspects of learning the Belarusian language)]. Mіnsk, Vedy Publ., 1998. 112 p. (In Belarusian).
  35. Іvanou Ya. Ya. Dyferentsyyal’nyya prymety afaryzma [Differential signs of aphorism]. Mogilev, Brama Publ., 2004. 160 p. (In Belarusian).
  36. Ivanov E. E. Lingvistika aforizma [Linguistics of aphorism]. Mogilev, MGU imeni A. A. Kuleshova Publ., 2016. 156 p. (In Russian).
  37. Beregovskaya E. M. Stilistika odnofrazovogo teksta (na materiale russkogo, frantsuzskogo, angliyskogo i nemetskogo yazykov) [Stylistics of a one-phrase text (based on the material of Russian, French, English and German languages)]. Moscow, URSS Publ.: Lenand Publ., 2015. 344 p. (In Russian).
  38. Ivanov E. Paremiological Minimum and Basic Paremiological Stock (Belarusian and Russian). Prague, RSS Publ., 2002. 136 p.
  39. Gutova L. A. Narodnaya aforistika v khudozhestvennom kontekste (sravnitel’nyy analiz na materialakhadygskogo, angliyskogo i russkogo yazykov) [Folk aphorism in an artistic context (comparative analysis based on materials from the Adyghe, English and Russian languages)]. Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarskiy institute gumanitarnykh issledovaniy Publ., 2009, 130 p. (In Russian).
  40. Іvanou Ya. Ya. Krylatyya afaryzmy u belaruskay move: z іnshamounykh lіtaraturnykh і fal’klornykh krynіts VIII stagoddzya da n. e. – XX st. [Winged aphorisms in the Belarusian language: from foreign literary and folklore sources of the 8th century BC – 20th century]. Mogilev, MGU imeni A. A. Kuleshova Publ.,
  41. 164 p. (In Belarusian).
  42. Ivanov E. E. Izucheniye yazykovoy prirody aforizma v rusistike 1960–1980 gg. (problem formirovaniya lingvisticheskoy teorii aforizma) [Study of the linguistic nature of aphorism in Russian studies 1960–1980 (problems of forming a linguistic theory of aphorism)]. Minsk, Vedy Publ., 1999. 52 p. (In Russian).
  43. Korol’kova A. V. Russkaya aforistika [Russian aphoristics]. Moscow, Flinta Publ.: Nauka Publ., 2005. 344 p. (In Russian).
  44. Korol’kova A. V. Aforistika v kontekste russkoy kul’tury [Aphorisms in the context of Russian culture]. Smolensk, SGU Publ., 2018. 226 p. (In Russian).
  45. Іvanou Ya. Ya. Afarystychnyya adzіnkі u belaruskay move [Aphoristic units in the Belarusian language]. Mogilev, MGU imeni A. A. Kuleshova Publ., 2017. 208 p. (In Belarusian).
  46. Kascyuchyk V. M. Belaruskaya afarystyka [Belarusian aphoristics]. Brest, BrDU Publ., 2019. 114 p. (In Belarusian).
  47. Trębska-Kerntopf А. Aforyzm w nauczaniu języka polskiego jako obcego. Lublin, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej Publ., 2015. 465 s. (In Polish).
  48. Elenevskaya M. N. Struktura i funktsii aforizma: na materiale angliyskogo yazyka. Dissertatsiya kandidata filologicheskikh nauk [Structure and functions of an aphorism: on the material of the English language. Dissertation PhD (Filology)]. Leningrad, 1983. 190 p. (In Russian).

24.04.2024