RESTORATION OF THE GENERAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS NETWORK IN BELARUS IN THE POST-OCCUPATION AND POST-WAR YEARS

UDC 94(476)

 

Andarala Ihar Alyaksandravich – PhD (Pedagogics), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of Tourism and Hospitality Management. Belarusian State University of Physical Culture (105, Pobediteley Ave., 220020, Minsk, Republic Belarus). E-mail: aia1106@mail.ru

 

 

Key words: comprehensive school, primary education, seven-year education, secondary education, universal education, expansion of the school network, student population.

For citation: Andarala I. A. Restoration of the general educational institutions network in Belarus in the post-occupation and post-war years. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Philosophy, 2024, no. 1 (281), pp. 60–64 (In Belarusian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-281-11.

Abstract

As a result of the consequences of the Great Patriotic War and the criminal actions of the German invaders in the temporarily occupied territory of the BSSR, the network of general education institutions that existed in the pre-war years was practically destroyed. As a result, after the liberation of the territory of the republic from German occupation, the party-Soviet bodies of all levels, the People's Commissariat of Education, regional, district and city departments of public education were faced with an extremely important task ‒ to restore the work of primary, seven-year and secondary schools in the shortest possible time. The solution to this problem was a prerequisite for the complete completion of universal compulsory primary education for school-age children, the expansion of seven-year and secondary education in order to prepare young people for entry into secondary specialized and higher educational institutions, which was of great political, defense and national economic importance. The work carried out before the beginning of the 1945/46 school year to clarify and organize the network of schools, accounting for children who were subject to education, made it possible to increase the number of school institutions that resumed their activities, increase the number of students and improve the coverage of education for school-aged children. At the beginning of the first post-war year, there were 10,952 schools in the republic, including 9,015 primary, 1,736 seven-year and 331 secondary schools. The total number of students is 1,328,819, including 145,634 in grades 1–4, 165,825 in grades 5–7, and 17,360 in grades 8–10. This article, based on the study of archival sources, presents a retrospective analysis and assessment of the process of restoration and development of the network of secondary schools, schools for working and rural youth of the republic in the post-occupation and early post-war years.

 

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References

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12.03.2024