EDUCATIONAL AND PERSONNEL POLICY OF CZARISM IN BELARUS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

UDC 37.014:37.1.08(476) «19»

  • Ostroga Valentina Mikhailovna − PhD (History), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of History of Belarus and Political Science. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: ostroha@belstu.by

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6885-2022-263-2-21-26

Keywords: educational policy of tsarism, educational institutions, mentoring, Vilnius educational district, social and pedagogical movement, system of public education.

For citation: Ostroga V. M. Educational and personnel policy of czarism in Belarus at the beginning of the XX century. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Philosophy, 2022, no. 2 (263), pp. 21–26 (In Belarusian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6885-2022-263-2-21-26.

Abstract

The article examines the educational and personnel policy of tsarism in Belarus at the beginning of the 20th century. The study of this problem provides an opportunity to more fully and deeply investigate the development of the public education system, to show the role of the social-pedagogical movement in the fight against the reactionary line of self-government. Using specific examples, the author shows that the course of the government was aimed at preserving the class school and the existing order. Statistical data on the number of educational institutions are analyzed. Pupils and teachers. Specific data shows the state's «attention rate» to the school and its teacher. Emphasized the duality and inconsistency of the government's educational policy, its class character and indecisiveness in many undertakings, lagging behind the pace and level of development compared to Western countries. The main provisions and conclusions are based on the analysis of regulatory and legal acts, statistical data, materials of periodical pedagogical publications and archival sources.

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12.09.2022