EVALUATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC EDUCATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES OF THE BELARUSIAN SCHOOL IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY

UDC 37.014:37.1.08(476)«18»

  • Ostroga Valentina Mikhailovna − PhD (History), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of History of Belarus and Political Science. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: ostroha@belstu.by

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6885-2022-257-1-16-22

Key words: state educational policy, public education, teaching, educational institutions, primary school, gymnasium, Vilnius educational district.

For citation: Ostroga V. M. Evolution of state policy in the field of public education and human resources of the Belarusian school in the late 19th century. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Philosophy, 2022, no. 1 (257), pр. 16–22 (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6885-2022-257-1-16-22.

Abstract

The article examines the problem of the evolution of the educational policy of autocracy in the late nineteenth century. It is emphasized that the trends and directions of development of state policy in the field of education were due to the general political and socio-economic situation in the country, as well as the rise of the socio-pedagogical movement for the democratization of public education. It is shown that the Ministry of Public Education cared not so much about the dissemination of education as about its protection by “reasonable restrictions”, which was expressed in expanding the network of church schools, restraining the training of teachers, establishing strict supervision over teachers’ professional activities. In accordance with its political and ideological goals, tsarism formed an “ideal worker”: devoted to the church, throne, humble, inconspicuous and obedient, who in his teaching had to conduct an official course and rely on socio-political and spiritual values such as autocracy, orthodoxy, nationality.

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11.03.2022