NORM / ETALON (STANDARD) AS A UNIVERSAL AND SEMANTIC REFERENCE POINT FOR QUALITATIVE ADJECTIVES

UDC 81’37

  • Astapkina Ekaterina Sergeyevna – PhD (Philology), Assistant Professor, the Department of English Linguistics. Belarusian State University (4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220050, Minsk, Belarus). E-mail: astapkina@gmail.com

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6729-2021-249-2-84-89

Key words: semantics, norm, etalon, standard, qualitative adjective, tactile adjective, universal.

For citation: Astapkina E. S.Norm / etalon (standard) as a universal and semantic reference point for qualitative adjectives. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 4, Print- and Mediatechnologies, 2021, no. 2 (249), pp. 84–89 (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2520-6729-2021-249-2-84-89.

Abstract

A significant amount of information perceived by the senses is fixed, reproduced and perceived in the semantics of qualitative adjectives, which thereby reflect the logic of human perception of the world. In a person's understanding of the surrounding reality, the attribute “quality” plays one of the main roles, since it makes it possible not only to recognize certain fragments (objects) of reality, but also to combine them on the basis of a generalized qualitative characteristic, thereby forming a model of the surrounding world. The variety of adjectives as a part of speech determines a wide range of directions of their research: including the construction of the semantic classification of adjectives, the study of the features of their grammar, the identification of the laws of their derivational development, etc.

The article deals with the notion of norm / standard in the context of analyzing the semantics of qualitative adjectives – on the base of tactile adjectives. This concept is identified as a linguistic universal that represents the orientation of semantics of qualitative adjectives. The research is based on the material of all tactile adjectives in Russian, Belarusian, English and German. The system-forming role of “norm” as the central semantic category of the norm/standard cluster is revealed. And the selection of a lexico-semantic group of tactile adjectives in various languages is based on their semantic orientation to the norm / standard (standard).

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20.08.2021