DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF REPRODUCTION OF PINE FORMATION

UDC 630*245:630*614

  • Rozhkov Leonid Nikolaevich – DSc (Agriculture), Professor, Professor, the Department of Silviculture. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: rozhkov@belstu.by

  • Yeroshkina Irina Fedorovna – PhD (Agriculture), Assistant Professor, the Department of Silviculture. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: e_ira@belstu.by

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2519-402X-2022-252-1-43-52

Key words: forest reproduction, reforestation methods, pine forests.

For citation: Rozhkov L. N., Eroshkina I. F. Domestic and foreign experience of reproduction of pine formation. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 1, Forestry. Nature Management. Processing of Renewable Resources, 2022, no. 1 (252), pp. 43–52 (In Russian). DOI: https://doi.org/10.52065/2519-402X-2022-252-1-43-52.

Abstract

The questions of methods of reforestation (renewal, afforestation), created systems of forest reproduction, care for unclosed forest cultures or natural regeneration, transfer of forest plantations to forested lands, and others are considered.

It is noted that the reproduction of forests in different countries includes different measures, including from measures to promote reforestation several years before the main felling, continues at the stage of felling, reforestation and subsequent care for young forest and ends after one and a half to two decades after felling, and sometimes more.

It is proposed to distinguish three periods in the reproduction of forests in Belarus. In the first period (1926–1975), pine crops were recommended to be created mainly in areas with relatively poor sandy soils, where other species cannot grow successfully. The density of pine crops created by seedlings was up to 10 thousand pieces per hectare or more. An important role was played by natural methods of reforestation. The second period of forest reproduction in Belarus (1975–2015) was fundamentally different from the previous one by a decrease in the initial density of forest cultures. The current third period from 2016 to the present is distinguished by fundamentally new approaches to forest reproduction. After reforestation and afforestation, the maintenance of forest plantations and their introduction into the category of valuable ones continues.

Of particular interest is the practice of the Scandinavian countries in the environmental planning of the long-term production or nature conservation goals of each plantation.

Download

References

  1. Vorobyev G. I. Lesnaya entsiklopediya [Forest encyclopedia]. Moscow, Sovetskaya entsiklopediya Publ., 1985, vol. 1, pp. 169–170 (In Russian).
  2. Lesnoy kodeks Respubliki Belarus’ [Forest Code of the Republic of Belarus]. Available at: https://www.mlh.by/documents/ (accessed 20.04.2018) (In Russian).
  3. GOST R 56695–2015. The national standard of the Russian Federation. Renewable sources of raw materials. Forest resources. Terms and definitions. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2016. 23 p. (In Russian).
  4. Yаroshenko A. Chto takoye vosproizvodstvo lesov [What is forest reproduction?]. Available at: http://www.forestforum.ru/viewtopic.php?t=23370/ (accessed 12.07.2021) (In Russian).
  5. Perekhod V. I., Yurkevich I. D. Spravochnik rabotnika lesnogo khozyaystva [Handbook of a forestry worker]. Minsk, AN BSSR Publ., 1959. 518 p. (In Russian).
  6. Nastavleniye po lesovosstanovleniyu v gosudarstvennom lesnom fonde Belorusskoy SSR [Manual on reforestation in the State Forest Fund of the Belarusian SSR]. Minsk, Polymya Publ., 1977. 42 p. (In Russian).
  7. Regulations on the order of reforestation and afforestation (draft): Resolution of the Ministry of Forestry of the Republic. Belarus from December 19, 2016, no. 80. Minsk, 2016. 17 p. (In Russian).
  8. Baginskiy V. F. Normativnyye materialy dlya taksatsii lesa Belorusskoy SSR [Normative materials for forest taxation of the Belarusian SSR]. Moscow, TsB NTI leskhoz Publ., 1984. 308 p. (In Russian).
  9. Miroshnikov V. S., Trull’ O. A., Ermakov V. E. Spravochnik taksatora [The taxator’s reference book]. Minsk, Uradzhay Publ., 1980. 360 p. (In Russian).
  10. Shmatkov N. M. Vosproizvodstvo lesov. Predlozheniya dlya novoy redaktsii strategii razvitiya lesnogo kompleksa do 2030 goda [Forest reproduction. Proposals for a new version of the strategy for the development of the forest complex until 2030]. Available at: https://lesprominform.ru/jarticles.html?id=5754 (accessed 19.07.2021) (In Russian).
  11. Federal Law. On amendments to the Forest Code of the Russian Federation and certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation, Articles 39, 61, 62, 63, 89. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/607141885 (accessed 20.07.2021) (In Russian).
  12. Rules for performing reforestation or afforestation works: approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian federation. May, 7, 2019, no. 566. Available at: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201905130017 (accessed 20.07.2021) (In Russian).
  13. Reforestation rules (as amendet on August, 14, 2019): Appendix1 to the Order of the Ministry of Nature of the Russian Federation. March, 25, 2019, no. 188. Available at: https://docs.cntd.ru/document/554151577 (accessed 20.07.2021) (In Russian).
  14. Selimenkov R. Y., Mironov A. V. Efficiency of innovative technologies in forest reproduction. Problemy razvitiya territorii [Problems of territory development], 2011, no. 3 (55), pp. 51–58 (In Russian).
  15. Titov E. Nature of the forest and reforestation. Ustoychivoye lesopol’zovaniye [Sustainable forest management], series 1, 2017, no. 2, pp. 2–5 (In Russian).
  16. Gabdrakhimov K. M. Ekologo-oriyentirovannyye osnovy vosproizvodstva sosnyakov Yuzhnogo Urala. Avtoreferat dissertatsii doktora sel’skokhozyaystvennykh nauk [Ecological-oriented bases of reproduction of pine forests of the Southern Urals. Abstract of thesis DSc (Agriculture)]. Voronezh, 2002. 31 p. (In Russian).
  17. Checherskiy spetsleskhoz. Ofitsial’nyy sayt [Chechen special forestry enterprise. Official website]. Available at: http://chechersk-forest.by/novosti/267-za-opytom-v-lasy-panstwowe (accessed 26.07.2021) (In Russian).
  18. Revyako I. I. Lesnyye kul’tury. Proyektirovaniye i sozdaniye lesnykh nasazhdeniy [Forest crops. Design and creation of forest stands]. Novocherkassk, NSMA Publ., 2013. 167 p. (In Russian).
  19. Khozyainov A. S., Bol’shakov N. M. Izucheniye zarubezhnogo opyta organizatsii gosudarstvennogo upravleniya vosproizvodstvom lesov: USA, Kanada, Finlyandiya [Study of foreign experience in the organization of state management of forest reproduction: USA, Canada, Finland], 2012. Available at: http://koet.syktsu.ru/vestnik/2012/2012-2/12/12.htm (accessed 26.07.2021) (In Russian).
  20. Timo Leynonen, Markku Turtiaynen, Ari Siekkinen. Lesovosstanovleniye na Severo-zapade Rossii i sravneniye s Finlyandiyey [Reforestation in the North-West of Russia and comparison with Finland], 2009. Available at: https://www.booksite.ru/fulltext/leyn/onen/timo_leynonen.pdf (accessed 26.07.2021).
  21. Lugovaya D. Swedish experience in forest management taking into account the value of ecosystems and water bodies. Ustoychivoye lesopol’zovaniye [Sustainable forest management], 2019, no. 2. Available at: https://wwf.ru/upload/iblock/b44/08.pdf (accessed 26.07.2021) (In Russian).
30.09.2021