MOISTURE-RETAINING COMPOSITIONS BASED ON BIODEGRADABLE POLYMERS

UDC 544.773.432

Layevskaya Еlena Vasil’yevna – PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (9/1 Surganova str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: layeuskaya@gmail.com

Vorobieva Elena Viktorovna – DSc (Chemistry), Professor, Head of the Laboratory. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (9/1 Surganova str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: evorobieva@igic.bas-net.by

Astakhova Marina Aleksandrovna ‒ Researcher. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (9/1 Surganova str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: manya88ama@mail.ru

Vorobiov Artem Dmitrievich ‒ PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (9/1 Surganova str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: avorobiov@igic.bas-net.by

Bucha Svetlana Vasil’yevna – Researcher. Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (9/1 Surganova str., 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: bucha1003@gmail.com

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-2669-2025-289-8.

Key words: moisture-retaining compositions, biodegradable polymers, hydrogels, moisture absorption, starch, lignosulfonates, polyvinyl alcohol.

For citation: Layevskaya Е. V., Vorobieva Е. V., Astakhova М. А., Vorobiov A. D., Bucha S. V. Moisture-retaining compositions based on biodegradable polymers. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 2, Chemical Engineering, Biotechnologies, Geoecology, 2025, no. 1 (289), pp. 63–70 (In Russian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-2669-2025-289-8.

Abstract

The article focuses on the production and investigation of moisture-retaining compositions based on lignosulfonates and starch in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol. It was shown that, depending on the synthesis and swelling conditions, the ratio and molecular weight of the components, the moisture absorption of the compositions can vary within the range of 30 to 165 g/g. The moisture absorption of the synthesized composition increases with component ratios of modified potato starch : lignosulfonates : polyvinyl alcohol as 1 : (1–2) : (0.1–0.2), and decreases with the increase in synthesis temperature above 140°C and prolonged thermal treatment. The moisture absorption increases with the residual moisture content in the hydrogel and reaches its maximum value at 20–22%. When using the low-molecular-weight fraction of lignosulfonates as a component of the composition, an increase in the polyvinyl alcohol content above 20% is necessary. The moisture absorption of the synthesized composition increases during swelling in a solution with a pH range of 4–7 and shows an inverse dependence on the particle size of the gel composition. The moisture absorption and moisture-retaining properties are independent of the nature of the cation in the series Na+ – K+ – NH4 +. To intensify the moisture absorption process of large gel particles (more than 10 mm), stirring or replacement of the swelling solution can be applied. The physical and chemical properties of the swollen gel show similarities with soil colloids, which suggests that the synthesized products can be recommended for use in agrochemistry as biodegradable and environmentally safe “moisture accumulators” and soil structure formers.

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09.10.2024