POLOTSK CADET CORPS DURING THE CIVIL WAR (1917–1920)

UDC 004.4−004.9

Lukashevich Andrei Mikhailovich – DSc (History), Professor, Professor, the Department of history of Belarus of new and contemporary times. Belarusian State University (4, Nezavisimosti Ave., 220030, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: lukashevand@mail.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-5.

Key words: Polotsk Cadet Corps, Civil War, evacuation;military department gymnasiums, Sumy Cadet Corps, Vladikavkaz Cadet Corps, Odessa Cadet Corps.

For citation: Lukashevich A. M. Polotsk Cadet Corps during the Civil War (1917–1920). Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Philosophy, 2024, no. 2 (287), pp. 27–34 (In Russian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-5.

Abstract

The article examines the fate of the Polotsk Cadet Corps (Gymnasium of the Military Department) during the Civil War. It shows that from September 1914 the educational institution was evacuated to four cities: Sumy (third company), Odessa (second company), Vladikavkaz (first company) and Simbirsk (penitentiary). It is noted that until the autumn of 1917 the Polotsk Gymnasium of the Military Department functioned as a single military educational institution. And only after the Bolsheviks came to power, in July 1918, it was officially abolished. Since the process of revival of military educational institutions was observed in the territories that came out from under the control of the Soviet power, the Polotsk Cadet Corps continued to exist. As part of the combined corps, it functioned until 1920, and its students were the personnel reserve of the White movement. By the autumn of 1920, the students of the military educational institution were evacuated to the Crimea, where they joined the Crimean Cadet Corps (1st company) and the Feodosiya boarding school (3rd company). Subsequently, they united as part of the Crimean Cadet Corps, which was redeployed to Bila Tserkva (Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes). The 2nd company of Polotsk residents as part of the Odessa Corps was evacuated by sea and land to the city of Sarajevo, where it became part of the Combined Cadet Corps. At the same time, some of the students and officers of the Polotsk Cadet Corps were forced to return to Odessa, occupied by the Bolsheviks. Their fate was mostly tragic.

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04.06.2024