FIRE PROTECTION IN THE CITIES OF BELARUS AT THE END OF THE 19 – BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

UDC 614.842.83(476)(091)

Alexashina Galina Vyacheslavovna – PhD (History), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of Economic History. Belarusian State Economic University (26, Partizansky Ave., 220070, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: gal1na@tut.by

Voronich Tatyana Vladimirovna – PhD (History), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of Economic History. Belarusian State Economic University (26, Partizansky Ave., 220070, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: vtv1@mail.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-2.

Key words: fire protection, fires, cities of Belarus, late 19th – early 20th century.

For citation: Aleksashina G. V., Voronich T. V. Fire protection in the cities of Belarus at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th century. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 6, History, Рhilosophy, 2024, no. 2 (287), pp. 10–16 (In Russian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-6885-2024-287-2.

Abstract

In the late 19th – early 20th century, urbanization processes were actively taking place in the Belarusian region. Urban infrastructure was developing: telephone and telegraph communications, urbantransport, water supply, sewerage and much more. However, fires, which led to great destruction and losses, remained a big problem for cities. During the period under consideration, the problem of organization and activity of fire protection continued to be topical. The money allocated from the city budgets for the development of firefighting in the cities was insufficient. The financial situation and living conditions of the fire brigade members and their families were extremely difficult. The increase in the number of firefighters during this period occurred only due to the activities of free firefighting societies. The material and technical equipment of fire brigades was also far superior to the city fire departments. The main responsibility for the provision of fire protection still rested on the townspeople themselves and, in fact, was their natural duty. Nevertheless, positive changes in the organization and activities of the fire protection of cities were taking place. Gradually there was modernization of equipment of city fire departments, new modern types of fire-rescue equipment and machinery appeared in the armament of the brigades.

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10.09.2024