TECHNOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ELASTOMER COMPOSITIONS WITH COMPLEX VULCANIZATION ACTIVATOR

 

UDC 678.046

 

Leshkevich Anastasiya Vladimirovna – PhD (Engineering), Senior Lecturer, the Department of Polymer Composite Materials. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: nastyonke@mail.ru

Shashok Zhanna Stanislavovna – DSc (Engineering), Professor, Professor, the Department of Polymer Composite Materials. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: shashok@belstu.by

Uss Elena Petrovna – PhD (Engineering), Associate Professor, Assistant Professor, the Department of Polymer Composite Materials. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: uss@belstu.by

Krotova Olga Aleksandrovna – PhD (Engineering), Assistant Professor, the Department of Polymer Composite Materials. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: o.krotova@belstu.by

Karmanova Olga Viktorovna – DSc (Engineering), Professor, Head of the Department of Organic Compounds Technology, Polymer Processing and Technological Safety. Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies (19, Revolutsii Ave., 394036, Voronezh, Russian Federation). E-mail: karolga@mail.ru Golyakevich Alexander Aleksandrovich – PhD student, the Department of Organic Compounds Technology, Polymer Processing and Technological Safety. Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies (19, Revolutsii Ave., 394036, Voronezh, Russian Federation). E-mail: sasha4292@yandex.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2520-2669-2024-277-8.

 

Key words: natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, rubber compound, bentonite, zinc oxide, Mooney viscosity, stress relaxation, vulcanization kinetics.

 

For citation: Leshkevich A. V., Shashok Zh. S., Uss E. P., Krotova O. A., Leshkevich A. V., Karmanova O. V., Golyakevich A. A. Technological properties of elastomer compositions with complex vulcanization activator. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 2, Chemical Engineering, Biotechnologies, Geoecology, 2024, no. 1 (277), pp. 61–67 (In Russian). DOI: 10.52065/2520-2669-2024-277-8.

Abstract

The technological properties of rubber mixtures containing various vulcanization activators have been studied. The objects of research were elastomeric compositions based on natural rubber and styrenebutadiene rubber, in which the industrial vulcanization activator zinc oxide was equivalently replaced with new complex vulcanization activators. The work used new complex vulcanization activators in the form of an alloy of of stearic acid, bentonite and zinc oxide in various ratios of minerals, obtained at temperatures of 70, 90 and 110°C. It has been established that the use of the studied vulcanization activators instead of zinc white in the composition of rubber compounds based on NR leads to a decrease (by 10.1–23.3%) in the Mooney viscosity index, an improvement in relaxation processes (the stress relaxation coefficient increases to 1.1 times) occurring in the volume of the elastomeric matrix, as well as a decrease (up to 1.6 times at 143°C and up to 1.7 times at 153°C) in the time to achieve the optimal degree of vulcanization. When establishing the influence of complex vulcanization activators on the technological properties of rubber compounds based on SBR, no significant differences were revealed in plastoelastic and relaxation indicators compared to a composition containing ZnO, while a decrease to 17.5% in the optimum vulcanization index was established when 153°C.

Download

References

  1. Kostyukovskiy Ya. L., Melamed D. B. Carcinogenic N-nitrosamines. Formation, properties, analysis. Uspekhi khimii [Advances in chemistry], 1988, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 625–655. DOI: 10.1070/ RC1988v057n04ABEH003355 (In Russian).
  2. Frolikova V. G., Donskaya M. M., Yalovaya L. I., Pichugin A. M., Vishnyakov I. I. Sources of carcinogenic and toxic substances during the production and operation of tires. Mir shin [World of tires], 2008, vol. 52, no. 9, pp. 40–49 (In Russian).
  3. Chapman A. V., Johnson T. The role of zinc in the vulcanization of styrene-butadiene rubbers. Kautschuk. Gummi. Kunststoffe, 2005, vol. 58, pp. 358–361.
  4. Astakhova Ye. A. Novyye vulkanizuyushchiye sistemy dlya kompozitsiy na osnove butadiyen-nitrilʼnykh kauchukov. Avtoreferat dissertatsii kandidata khimicheskikh nauk [New vulcanizing systems for compositions based on nitrile butadiene rubbers. Abstract of thesis PhD (Chemistry)]. Moscow, 2013. 24 p. (In Russian).
  5. Charoeythornkhajhornchai P., Samthong C., Somwangthanaroj A. Influence of sulfenamide accelerators on cure kinetics and properties of natural rubber foam. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2017, vol. 134, no. 19. DOI: 10.1002/app.44822.
  6. Maciejewska M., Sowińska A., Kucharska J. Organic zinc salts as pro-ecological activators for sulfur vulcanization of styrene-butadiene rubber. Polymers, 2019, vol. 11, no. 10. DOI: 10.3390/polym11101723.
  7. Moresco S., Giovanela M., Carli L. N., Crespo J. S. Development of passenger tire treads: reduction in zinc content and utilization of a bio-based lubricant. Journal of cleaner production, 2016, vol. 117, pp. 199–206. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.01.013.
  8. Stepashkin A. A., Kaloshkin S. D., Pyatov I., Deniev M. Ya. Carbonized elastomer based composites filled with carbon fillers and silicon carbide. Materials Letters, 2018, vol. 215, pp. 288–291. DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2017.12.132.
  9. Thaptong P., Boonbumrung A., Jittham P., Sae-oui P. Potential use of a novel composite zinc oxide as eco-friendly activator in Tire tread com-pound. Journal of Polymer Research, 2019, vol. 26, no. 9. P. 226. DOI: 10.1007/s10965-019-1895-1. 10. Karmanova O. V., Popova L. V., Poymenova O. V., Gusev Yu. K. Creation of activating systems for effective vulcanization of elastomers. Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta inzhenernykh tekhnologiy [Bulletin of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies], 2014, no. 3 (61), pp. 126–129 (In Russian).
  10. GOST R 54552–2011. Rubbers and rubber compounds. Determination of viscosity, stress relaxation and scorch characteristics using a Mooney viscometer. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 2013. 22 p. (In Russian).
  11. GOST 12535–84. Rubber compounds. Method for determining vulcanization characteristics using a vulcanometer. Moscow, Standartinform Publ., 1985. 33 p. (In Russian).
  12. Kuzʼminskiy A. S., Kavun S. M., Kirpichev V. P. Fiziko-khimicheskiye osnovy polucheniya, pererabotki i primeneniya elastomerov [Physico-chemical basis for the production, processing and use of elastomers]. Мoscow, Khimiya Publ., 1976. 368 p. (In Russian).
  13. Ovcharov V. I., Burmistr M. V., Tyutin V. A. Svoystva rezinovykh smesey i rezin: otsenka, regulirovaniye, stabilizatsiya [Properties of rubber compounds and rubbers: assessment, regulation, stabilization]. Мoscow, Sankt-TM Publ., 2001. 400 p. (In Russian).
  14. Shcherbina Ye. I., Dolinskaya R. M. Struktura i svoystva rezin [Structure and properties of rubber]. Minsk, BGTU Publ., 2004. 135 p. (In Russian).
  15. Averko-Antonovich I. Yu., Bikmullin R. T. Metody issledovaniya struktury i svoystv polimerov [Methods for studying the structure and properties of polymers]. Kazan, KGTU Publ., 2002. 604 p. (In Russian).
  16. Kayushnikov S. N., Prokopchuk N. R., Shashok Zh.S., Vishnevskiy K.V. Properties of model rubber mixtures with various vulcanization activators. Trudy BGTU [Proceedings of BSTU], 2014, no. 4: Chemistry, Organic Technology and Biotechnology, pp. 35–39 (In Russian).
  17. Kayushnikov S. N., Prokopchuk N. R., Uss Ye. P. The influence of zinc-containing additives on the technological properties of elastomeric compositions. Problemy shin, RTI i elastomernykh kompozitov: sbornik nauchnykh trudov 27 Mezhdunarodnogo simpoziuma [Problems of tires, rubber goods and elastomeric composites: collection of scientific papers 27 International Symposium]. Moscow, 2016, pp. 224–231 (In Russian).
  18. Kornev A. E., Bukanov A. M., Sheverdyaev O. N. Tekhnologiya elastomernykh materialov [Technology of elastomeric materials]. Moscow, Isterik Publ., 2009. 504 p. (In Russian).
  19. Grishin B. S. Teoriya i praktika usileniya elastomerov. Sostoyaniye i napravleniya razvitiya [Theory and practice of strengthening elastomers. State and directions of development]. Kazan, KNRTU Publ., 2016. 420 p. (In Russian).

13.12.2023