Abstract

The article examines the issues of qualitative and quantitative changes in the normative-planned tourism in the Byelorussian SSR during the period of social reorientation of the Soviet economy. The interrelation of tourist and excursion movement with general trends of socio-economic development is revealed, changes in the sociology of tourism and its functional purpose are revealed, new forms of material and technical support, structural organization and species classification are indicated. The basics of excursion work among schoolchildren and young people have been determined from the standpoint of strengthening its educational, scientific, cognitive, educational goals. The directions of the systemic scientific study of all the main forms of human recreational activity are highlighted, which actualized the geographical problems of recreation and tourism in the republic. These include: useful tourism and optimal tourist routes; determination of the seasonality of tourist flows; prospective geography of recreational systems; optimization of tourist use of natural resources; methods of nature protection in tourist areas. The planned stages of the implementation of the anthropocentric approach in the field of organizing recreation and tourism in the BSSR are considered, taking into account their project development in the long term. Conclusions are made about the strengthening of the recreational component, the mass nature of tourism and a new approach to the spatial zoning of tourism in the BSSR.