PROBLEMS OF PRESERVATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL OBJECTS FROM NATURAL BOG OAK AND PINE

UDC 038.742.046.73

Dupanov Sergey Alexandrovich – PhD student, Engineer, the Department of Woodworking Technology. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., Minsk, 220006, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: ser.dupanov@gmail.com

Leonovich Oleg Konstantinovich – PhD (Engineering), Assistant Professor, the Department of Woodworking Technology. Belarusian State Technological University (13a, Sverdlova str., 220006, Minsk, Republic of Belarus). E-mail: okl2001@mail.ru

DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.52065/2519-402X-2024-276-22

Key words: bog oak and pine, waterlogged wood, archaeological wood, degradation, drying, preservation.

For citation: Dupanov S. A., Leonovich O. K. Problems of preservation of archaeological objects from natural bog oak and pine. Proceedings of BSTU, issue 1, Forestry. Nature Management. Processing of Renewable Resources, 2024, no. 1 (276), pp. 165–172 (In Russian). DOI: 10.52065/2519-402X-2024-276-22.

Abstract

Archaeological objects raised from floodplains of rivers and water are extremely waterlogged. During thousands of years of storage in an environment without access to free oxygen, the structure of wood was preserved in its original form, but with all the damage that preceded its entry into this closed environment. Extracted wood, once released into the open environment, undergoes rapid destruction. Research on the drying and preservation of archaeological objects (a 12th-century pine boat and a 16th-century boat made of bog oak wood, located in the historical museum of the Institute of History of the Republic of Belarus) was carried out using the modeling method on samples of natural bog oak and pine 800 and 500 years old, extracted by the GODO enterprise “Trans-Center” in the floodplain of the Sozh River. As a result of the study of deformation phenomena that occur on samples of stained wood after its removal from the aquatic environment, a drying technique in an isolated state was proposed by removing moisture under the influence of gravitational forces, followed by moving the zone of greater moisture to a lower position. Samples that reached 20% humidity were preserved with a water-soluble antiseptic based on copper and iron salts. After additional drying to 6%, the stained wood sample was strengthened with a water-repellent oil varnish. The proposed method of drying, preserving and hydrophobizing stained wood will ensure a reduction in deformation, resistance to moisture and fungal attack.

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17.10.2023